sed 命令，後臺開發必知命令
前言
p 命令，用來打印文件內容
(一) 打印整個文本，n 命令，僅顯示 script 處理後的結果，不加 n 命令，會把待處理的信息也輸出。
(二) 打印第一行到最後一行的內容。1 表示第一行， $ 表示最後一行。
1[root]# sed -n "1,$"p test.txt
2tom likes to play football
3kevin likes to eat cabbage
4frank likes to drink beer
5cary doesn't like smoking
6
7
(三) 過濾帶 to 的行， 類似於 grep 命令。
1[root]# sed -n "/to/"p test.txt
2tom likes to play football
3kevin likes to eat cabbage
4frank likes to drink beer
5
6
(四) 打印匹配 kevin 開始，frank 爲結束的行。
1[root]# sed -n "/kevin/,/frank/"p test.txt
2kevin likes to eat cabbage
3frank likes to drink beer
4
5
s 命令，用於替換
(一) 將 kevin 替換成 kkk。
1[root]# sed "s/kevin/kkk/g" test.txt
2tom likes to play football
3kkk likes to eat cabbage
4frank likes to drink beer
5cary doesn't like smoking
6
7
(二) 只針對第二行進行判斷。
1[root]# sed "2s/kevin/xxx/g" test.txt
2tom likes to play football
3xxx likes to eat cabbage
4frank likes to drink beer
5cary doesn't like smoking
6
7
(三) 針對多行進行替換。
1[root]# sed "1,4s/kevin/xxx/g" test.txt
2tom likes to play football
3xxx likes to eat cabbage
4frank likes to drink beer
5cary doesn't like smoking
6
7
(四) 只替換第 1 個 to 爲 tt 。
1[root]# sed "s/to/tt/1" test.txt
2ttm likes to play football
3kevin likes tt eat cabbage
4frank likes tt drink beer
5cary doesn't like smoking
6
7
(五) 只替換第 2 個 to。
1[root]# sed "s/to/tt/2" test.txt
2tom likes tt play football
3kevin likes to eat cabbage
4frank likes to drink beer
5cary doesn't like smoking
6
7
(六) 開頭加點東西 (註釋)。
1[root]# sed "s/^/\/\/ /" test.txt
2// tom likes to play football
3// kevin likes to eat cabbage
4// frank likes to drink beer
5// cary doesn't like smoking
6
7
(七) 末尾加點東西。
1[root]# sed "s/$/ \/\/ comment /" test.txt
2tom likes to play football // comment
3kevin likes to eat cabbage // comment
4frank likes to drink beer // comment
5cary doesn't like smoking // comment
6
7
c 命令，用於行替換
(一) 將第二行的內容替換 hehe。
1[root]# sed "2 c hehe" test.txt
2tom likes to play football
3hehe
4frank likes to drink beer
5cary doesn't like smoking
6
7
(二) 僅僅替換有 tom 的行。
1[root]# sed "/tom/c cat" test.txt
2cat
3kevin likes to eat cabbage
4frank likes to drink beer
5cary doesn't like smoking
6
7
i 命令， 表示行插入
(一) 在第一行前面插入。
1[root]# sed "1 i love you" test.txt
2love you
3tom likes to play football
4kevin likes to eat cabbage
5frank likes to drink beer
6cary doesn't like smoking
7
8
(二) 在最後一行前面插入。
1[root]# sed "$ i love you" test.txt
2tom likes to play football
3kevin likes to eat cabbage
4frank likes to drink beer
5love you
6cary doesn't like smoking
7
8
a 命令， 用於依附
(一) 在第一行後依附。
1[root]# sed "1 i love you" test.txt
2love you
3tom likes to play football
4kevin likes to eat cabbage
5frank likes to drink beer
6cary doesn't like smoking
7
8
(二) 在最後一行後依附。
1[root]# sed "$ i love you" test.txt
2tom likes to play football
3kevin likes to eat cabbage
4frank likes to drink beer
5love you
6cary doesn't like smoking
7
8
d 命令，刪除所匹配的行
(一) 刪除有 kevin 的行。
1[root]# sed "/kevin/d" test.txt
2tom likes to play football
3frank likes to drink beer
4cary doesn't like smoking
5
6
(二) 刪除第 1 行。
1[root]# sed "1d" test.txt
2kevin likes to eat cabbage
3frank likes to drink beer
4cary doesn't like smoking
5
6
(三) 刪除第 2-4 行。
1[root]# sed "2,4d" test.txt
2tom likes to play football
3
4
絮叨
sed 命令，作爲 linux 三劍客之一，功能非常強大。在工作和麪試中，也會用到。處理問題時，可以配合 awk，grep 一起使用，方便多多。
希望這篇文章對大家學習 sed 命令有所幫助，祝大家學習愉快！
本文由 Readfog 進行 AMP 轉碼，版權歸原作者所有。
來源：https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/o2RN47qDRUgHKgVnEeRU6w